Matematický model konzervace surových kůží solným roztokem

Abstract

Častá metoda konzervace surových kůží je konzervace chloridem sodným. Avšak tento proces má tři důležité nevýhody: 1) doba konzervace je minimalně 18 hodin; 2) nedostatečný stupeň konzervace u některé suroviny a možná nízká účinnost solného roztoku a konečně dopady na životní prostředí .Cílem příspevku je řešení všech třech problémů Nejprve jsme provedli studium absorpce soli a popsali mechanismus konzervace proto, abychom dosahli snižení doby trvání kozervace. Mechanismus je popsán difúzním modelem, který popisuje rozlozeni chloridu sodného v k?ži během konzervace, dále stanovení optimálních nákladů na proces. difúze solného roztoku do suroviny byl sledovaný měřením vodivosti zbytkového chloridu v lázni, vlhkost a obsah popele v konzervované k?ži a stanovení sodíku uvnitř suroviny.

The most common method of preserving raw hides is brine curing with sodium chloride. However, this process has three important disadvantages: first, the length of time that it takes, which is a minimum of 18 hours

second, the insufficient degree of curing reached in some hides due to an overload and possibly the low efficiency of the brine raceway

and finally, the environmental impact associated with the discharge of large quantities of electrolytes in the soaking step. Our long term goal is to address all three issues. Initially, we have carried out a study of the salt uptake and its diffusion mechanism in order to attempt a reduction in the curing time. A continuous reaction mathematical model of a closed one dimensional system that describes the diffusion of sodium chloride in the hide during the curing process was chosen in the search for the optimum brine curing conditions such as the optimum brine concentration and percent float. The effect of these two parameters on the values of effective diffusivity coefficients was reported. Moreover, the dependency of these coefficients with time was examined, showing an initial fast uptake zone followed by a slow and quite flat uptake zone. Brine diffusion into the hide was tracked by measurement of the electrolytic conductivity of the residual brine solution and moisture and ash content of the cured hide. In addition, a piece of hide was cured with a fluorescently labeled brine solution and analyzed by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy for direct visualization of the sodium location within the hide.