Reversible actuation ability upon light stimulation of the smart systems with controllably grafted graphene oxide with poly (glycidyl methacrylate) and PDMS elastomer: Effect of compatibility and graphene oxide reduction on the photo-actuation performance

Osička, Josef; Mrlík, Miroslav; Ilčíková, Markéta; Hanulíková, Barbora; Urbánek, Pavel; Sedlačík, Michal; Mosnáček, Jaroslav

dc.title	Reversible actuation ability upon light stimulation of the smart systems with controllably grafted graphene oxide with poly (glycidyl methacrylate) and PDMS elastomer: Effect of compatibility and graphene oxide reduction on the photo-actuation performance	en
dc.contributor.author	Osička, Josef
dc.contributor.author	Mrlík, Miroslav
dc.contributor.author	Ilčíková, Markéta
dc.contributor.author	Hanulíková, Barbora
dc.contributor.author	Urbánek, Pavel
dc.contributor.author	Sedlačík, Michal
dc.contributor.author	Mosnáček, Jaroslav
dc.relation.ispartof	Polymers
dc.identifier.issn	2073-4360 Scopus Sources, Sherpa/RoMEO, JCR
dc.date.issued	2018
utb.relation.volume	10
utb.relation.issue	8
dc.type	article
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher	MDPI AG
dc.identifier.doi	10.3390/polym10080832
dc.relation.uri	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/10/8/832
dc.subject	dielectrics	en
dc.subject	dynamic mechanical analysis	en
dc.subject	graphene oxide	en
dc.subject	light-stimuli material	en
dc.subject	photo-responsive material	en
dc.subject	poly(glycidyl methacrylate)	en
dc.subject	reduction	en
dc.subject	SI-ATRP	en
dc.description.abstract	This study is focused on the controllable reduction of the graphene oxide (GO) during the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization technique of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The successful modification was confirmed using TGA-FTIR analysis and TEM microscopy observation of the polymer shell. The simultaneous reduction of the GO particles was confirmed indirectly via TGA and directly via Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity investigations. Enhanced compatibility of the GO-PGMA particles with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomeric matrix was proven using contact angle measurements. Prepared composites were further investigated through the dielectric spectroscopy to provide information about the polymer chain mobility through the activation energy. Dynamic mechanical properties investigation showed an excellent mechanical response on the dynamic stimulation at a broad temperature range. Thermal conductivity evaluation also confirmed the further photo-actuation capability properties at light stimulation of various intensities and proved that composite material consisting of GO-PGMA particles provide systems with a significantly enhanced capability in comparison with neat GO as well as neat PDMS matrix. © 2018 by the authors.	en
utb.faculty	University Institute
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1008150
utb.identifier.obdid	43879689
utb.identifier.scopus	2-s2.0-85051065250
utb.identifier.wok	000445410200025
utb.source	j-scopus
dc.date.accessioned	2018-08-29T08:26:56Z
dc.date.available	2018-08-29T08:26:56Z
dc.description.sponsorship	Czech Science Foundation [16-20361Y]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic-program NPU I [L01504]; Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations - the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); project CPS-strengthening research capacity [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/19.0409]; [APVV-15-0545]; [APVV-14-0891]
dc.rights	Attribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.access	openAccess
utb.ou	Centre of Polymer Systems
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Osička, Josef
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Mrlík, Miroslav
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Hanulíková, Barbora
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Urbánek, Pavel
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Sedlačík, Michal
utb.fulltext.affiliation	Josef Osicka 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-9350 , Miroslav Mrlik 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-6795 , Marketa Ilcikova 2,, Barbora Hanulikova 1 , Pavel Urbanek 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9090-4681 , Michal Sedlacik 1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3918-5084 and Jaroslav Mosnacek 2,3 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-590X 1 Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic; [email protected] (J.O.); [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (B.H.); [email protected] (P.U.) 2 Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; [email protected] 3 Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.I.); [email protected] (M.S.); Tel.: +421-232-294-347 (M.I.); +420-576-038-027 (M.S.)
utb.fulltext.dates	Received: 20 June 2018 Accepted: 26 July 2018 Published: 28 July 2018
utb.fulltext.references	1. Ilcikova, M.; Mrlik, M.; Babayan, V.; Kasak, P. Graphene oxide modified by betaine moieties for improvement of electrorheological performance. RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 57820–57827. [CrossRef] 2. Jun, C.S.; Kwon, S.H.; Choi, H.J.; Seo, Y. Polymeric Nanoparticle-Coated Pickering Emulsion-Synthesized Conducting Polyaniline Hybrid Particles and Their Electrorheological Study. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 44811–44819. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 3. Mosse, A. Gossamer timescapes: A design-led investigation into electro-active and light responsive textiles for the home. Smart Mater. Struct. 2018, 27, 074009. [CrossRef] 4. Peng, L.; Liu, Y.; Huang, J.N.; Li, J.H.; Gong, J.H.; Ma, J.H. Microfluidic fabrication of highly stretchable and fast electro-responsive graphene oxide/polyacrylamide/alginate hydrogel fibers. Eur. Polym. J. 2018, 103, 335–341. [CrossRef] 5. Mrlik, M.; Ilcikova, M.; Cvek, M.; Pavlinek, V.; Zahoranova, A.; Kronekova, Z.; Kasak, P. Carbonyl iron coated with a sulfobetaine moiety as a biocompatible system and the magnetorheological performance of its silicone oil suspensions. RSC Adv. 2016, 6, 32823–32830. [CrossRef] 6. Han, S.; Choi, J.; Seo, Y.P.; Park, I.J.; Choi, H.J.; Seo, Y. High-Performance Magnetorheological Suspensions of Pickering-Emulsion-Polymerized Polystyrene/Fe3O4 Particles with Enhanced Stability. Langmuir 2018, 34, 2807–2814. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 7. Deng, L.; Jia, W.P.; Zheng, W.; Liu, H.; Jiang, D.G.; Li, Z.M.; Tian, Y.; Zhang, W.L.; Liu, J.Q. Hierarchically magnetic Ni-Al binary layered double hydroxides: Towards tunable dual electro/magneto-stimuli performances. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 2018, 58, 163–171. [CrossRef] 8. Nakayama, M.; Kajiyama, S.; Kumamoto, A.; Nishimura, T.; Ikuhara, Y.; Yamato, M.; Kato, T. Stimuli-responsive hydroxyapatite liquid crystal with macroscopically controllable ordering and magneto-optical functions. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 568. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 9. Mrlík, M.; Špírek, M.; Al-Khori, J.; Ahmad, A.A.; Mosnaček, J.; AlMaadeed, M.A.; Kasák, P. Mussel-mimicking sulfobetaine-based copolymer with metal tunable gelation, self-healing and antibacterial capability. Arabian J. Chem. 2017. [CrossRef] 10. Chen, W.; Ma, Y.; Pan, J.M.; Meng, Z.H.; Pan, G.Q.; Sellergren, B. Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Stimuli-Responsive Affinity: Progress and Perspectives. Polymers 2015, 7, 1689–1715. [CrossRef] 11. Curcio, M.; Mauro, L.; Naimo, G.D.; Amantea, D.; Cirillo, G.; Tavano, L.; Casaburi, I.; Nicoletta, F.P.; Alvarez-Lorenzo, C.; Iemma, F. Facile synthesis of pH-responsive polymersomes based on lipidized PEG for intracellular co-delivery of curcumin and methotrexate. Colloid Surf. B Biointerfaces 2018, 167, 568–576. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 12. Kang, W.L.; Zhao, Y.L.; Wang, P.X.; Li, Z.; Hou, X.Y.; Huang, Z.T.; Yang, H.B. Rheological behavior and mechanism of pH-responsive wormlike micelle variations induced by isomers of phthalic acid. Soft Matter 2018, 14, 4445–4452. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 13. Zahoranova, A.; Mrlik, M.; Tomanova, K.; Kronek, J.; Luxenhofer, R. ABA and BAB Triblock Copolymers Based on 2-Methyl-2-oxazoline and 2-n-Propyl-2-oxazoline: Synthesis and Thermoresponsive Behavior in Water. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2017, 218, 1700031. [CrossRef] 14. Zhang, N.; Luxenhofer, R.; Jordan, R. Thermoresponsive Poly(2-Oxazoline) Molecular Brushes by Living Ionic Polymerization: Modulation of the Cloud Point by Random and Block Copolymer Pendant Chains. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2012, 213, 1963–1969. [CrossRef] 15. Xiu, M.M.; Kang, Q.; Tao, M.L.; Chen, Y.; Wang, Y. Thermoresponsive AIE supramolecular complexes in dilute solution: Sensitively probing the phase transition from two different temperature-dependent emission responses. J. Mater. Chem. C 2018, 6, 5926–5936. [CrossRef] 16. Jerca, F.A.; Jerca, V.V.; Anghelache, A.M.; Vuluga, D.M.; Hoogenboo, R. Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) as a versatile platform towards thermoresponsive copolymers. Polym. Chem. 2018, 9, 3473–3478. [CrossRef] 17. Ilcikova, M.; Mosnacek, J.; Mrlik, M.; Sedlacek, T.; Csomorova, K.; Czanikova, K.; Krupa, I. Influence of surface modification of carbon nanotubes on interactions with polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene matrix and its photo-actuation properties. Polym. Adv. Technol. 2014, 25, 1293–1300. [CrossRef] 18. Kobatake, S.; Takami, S.; Muto, H.; Ishikawa, T.; Irie, M. Rapid and reversible shape changes of molecular crystals on photoirradiation. Nature 2007, 446, 778–781. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 19. Zhang, T.; Sheng, L.; Liu, J.N.; Ju, L.; Li, J.H.; Du, Z.; Zhang, W.R.; Li, M.J.; Zhang, S.X.A. Photoinduced Proton Transfer between Photoacid and pH-Sensitive Dyes: Influence Factors and Application for Visible-Light-Responsive Rewritable Paper. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1705532. [CrossRef] 20. Du, L.; Xu, Z.Y.; Fan, C.J.; Xiang, G.; Yang, K.K.; Wang, Y.Z. A Fascinating Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Network with Thermal/Magnetic/Light-Responsive Shape-Memory Effects Anchored by Fe3O4 Nanoparticles. Macromolecules 2018, 51, 705–715. [CrossRef] 21. Li, Y.C.; Li, J.C.; Li, W.H.; Samali, B. Development and characterization of a magnetorheological elastomer based adaptive seismic isolator. Smart Mater. Struct. 2013, 22, 035005. [CrossRef] 22. Mannsfeld, S.C.B.; Tee, B.C.K.; Stoltenberg, R.M.; Chen, C.; Barman, S.; Muir, B.V.O.; Sokolov, A.N.; Reese, C.; Bao, Z.N. Highly sensitive flexible pressure sensors with microstructured rubber dielectric layers. Nat. Mater. 2010, 9, 859–864. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 23. Godman, N.P.; Kowalski, B.A.; Auguste, A.D.; Koerner, H.; White, T.J. Synthesis of Elastomeric Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks via Chain Transfer. ACS Macro Lett. 2017, 6, 1290–1295. [CrossRef] 24. Anderson, I.A.; Gisby, T.A.; McKay, T.G.; O’Brien, B.M.; Calius, E.P. Multi-functional dielectric elastomer artificial muscles for soft and smart machines. J. Appl. Phys. 2012, 112, 041101. [CrossRef] 25. Li, Y.C.; Li, J.C.; Tian, T.F.; Li, W.H. A highly adjustable magnetorheological elastomer base isolator for applications of real-time adaptive control. Smart Mater. Struct. 2013, 22, 095020. [CrossRef] 26. Robinson, S.S.; O’Brien, K.W.; Zhaob, H.; Peele, B.N.; Larson, C.M.; Murray, B.C.M.; van Meerbeek, I.M.; Dunham, S.N.; Shepherd, R.F. Integrated soft sensors and elastomeric actuators for tactile machines with kinesthetic sense. Extreme Mech. Lett. 2015, 5, 47–53. [CrossRef] 27. Mrlik, M.; Ilcikova, M.; Plachy, T.; Pavlinek, V.; Spitalsky, Z.; Mosnacek, J. Graphene oxide reduction during surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate: Controlling electro-responsive properties. Chem. Eng. J. 2016, 283, 717–720. [CrossRef] 28. Steurer, P.; Wissert, R.; Thomann, R.; Mulhaupt, R. Functionalized Graphenes and Thermoplastic Nanocomposites Based upon Expanded Graphite Oxide. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2009, 30, 316–327. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 29. Marcano, D.C.; Kosynkin, D.V.; Berlin, J.M.; Sinitskii, A.; Sun, Z.Z.; Slesarev, A.; Alemany, L.B.; Lu, W.; Tour, J.M. Improved Synthesis of Graphene Oxide. ACS Nano 2010, 4, 4806–4814. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 30. Park, S.; An, J.; Potts, J.R.; Velamakanni, A.; Murali, S.; Ruoff, R.S. Hydrazine-reduction of graphite- and graphene oxide. Carbon 2011, 49, 3019–3023. [CrossRef] 31. Pei, S.F.; Zhao, J.P.; Du, J.H.; Ren, W.C.; Cheng, H.M. Direct reduction of graphene oxide films into highly conductive and flexible graphene films by hydrohalic acids. Carbon 2010, 48, 4466–4474. [CrossRef] 32. Ilcikova, M.; Mrlik, M.; Spitalsky, Z.; Micusik, M.; Csomorova, K.; Sasinkova, V.; Kleinova, A.; Mosnacek, J. A tertiary amine in two competitive processes: Reduction of graphene oxide vs. catalysis of atom transfer radical polymerization. RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 3370–3376. [CrossRef] 33. Peraza-Hernandez, E.A.; Hartl, D.J.; Malak, R.J.; Lagoudas, D.C. Origami-inspired active structures: A synthesis and review. Smart Mater. Struct. 2014, 23, 094001. [CrossRef] 34. Czanikova, K.; Krupa, I.; Ilcikova, M.; Kasak, P.; Chorvat, D.; Valentin, M.; Slouf, M.; Mosnacek, J.; Micusik, M.; Omastova, M. Photo-actuating materials based on elastomers and modified carbon nanotubes. J. Nanophotonics 2012, 6, 063522. [CrossRef] 35. Kuila, T.; Bose, S.; Mishra, A.K.; Khanra, P.; Kim, N.H.; Lee, J.H. Chemical functionalization of graphene and its applications. Prog. Mater. Sci. 2012, 57, 1061–1105. [CrossRef] 36. Osicka, J.; Ilcikova, M.; Mrlik, M.; Minarik, A.; Pavlinek, V.; Mosnacek, J. The Impact of Polymer Grafting from a Graphene Oxide Surface on Its Compatibility with a PDMS Matrix and the Light-Induced Actuation of the Composites. Polymers 2017, 9, 264. [CrossRef] 37. Ilcikova, M.; Mrlik, M.; Sedlacek, T.; Chorvat, D.; Krupa, I.; Slouf, M.; Koynov, K.; Mosnacek, J. Viscoelastic and photo-actuation studies of composites based on polystyrene-grafted carbon nanotubes and styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene block copolymer. Polymer 2014, 55, 211–218. [CrossRef] 38. Ilcikova, M.; Mrlik, M.; Sedlacek, T.; Slouf, M.; Zhigunov, A.; Koynov, K.; Mosnacek, J. Synthesis of Photoactuating Acrylic Thermoplastic Elastomers Containing Diblock Copolymer-Grafted Carbon Nanotubes. ACS Macro Lett. 2014, 3, 999–1003. [CrossRef] 39. Zhang, W.L.; Liu, Y.D.; Choi, H.J.; Kim, S.G. Electrorheology of Graphene Oxide. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2012, 4, 2267–2272. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 40. Mrlik, M.; Moucka, R.; Ilcikova, M.; Bober, P.; Kazantseva, N.; Spitalsky, Z.; Trchova, M.; Stejskal, J. Charge transport and dielectric relaxation processes in aniline-based oligomers. Synth. Met. 2014, 192, 37–42. [CrossRef] 41. Mrlik, M.; Cvek, M.; Osicka, J.; Moucka, R.; Sedlacik, M.; Pavlinek, V. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization from graphene oxide: A way towards fine tuning of electric conductivity and electro-responsive capabilities. Mater. Lett. 2018, 211, 138–141. [CrossRef] 42. Cvek, M.; Mrlik, M.; Ilcikova, M.; Plachy, T.; Sedlacik, M.; Mosnacek, J.; Pavlinek, V. A facile controllable coating of carbonyl iron particles with poly(glycidyl methacrylate): A tool for adjusting MR response and stability properties. J. Mater. Chem. C 2015, 3, 4646–4656. [CrossRef] 43. Georgousis, G.; Pandis, C.; Kalamiotis, A.; Georgiopoulos, P.; Kyritsis, A.; Kontou, E.; Pissis, P.; Micusik, M.; Czanikova, K.; Kulicek, J.; et al. Strain sensing in polymer/carbon nanotube composites by electrical resistance measurement. Compos. Part B Eng. 2015, 68, 162–169. [CrossRef] 44. Rabindranath, R.; Bose, H. On the mobility of iron particles embedded in elastomeric silicone matrix. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Electrorheological Fluids and Magnetorheological Suspensions, Ankara, Turkey, 2–6 July 2012; Unal, H.I., Ed.; Iop Publishing Ltd.: Bristol, UK, 2013. 45. Feng, Y.Y.; Qin, M.M.; Guo, H.Q.; Yoshino, K.; Feng, W. Infrared-Actuated Recovery of Polyurethane Filled by Reduced Graphene Oxide/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids with High Energy Density. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 10882–10888. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
utb.fulltext.sponsorship	This research was funded by the Czech Science Foundation (no. 16-20361Y) for financial support. This work was also supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic-program NPU I (LO1504). Authors M.I. and J.M. gratefully acknowledge APVV-15-0545 and APVV-14-0891 for financial support. The TGA-FTIR results obtained in this article were possibly collected using the device brought from the financial support of Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and national budget of the Czech Republic within the framework of project CPS-strengthening research capacity (no. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/19.0409).
utb.scopus.affiliation	Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, Zlín, Czech Republic; Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia; Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
utb.fulltext.projects	16-20361Y
utb.fulltext.projects	NPU I (LO1504)
utb.fulltext.projects	APVV-15-0545
utb.fulltext.projects	APVV-14-0891
utb.fulltext.projects	CZ.1.05/2.1.00/19.0409